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| DAUN: <b>Bukit Merah</b> and Gebeng a TRAGEDY?? Posted: 02 Jul 2012 02:30 AM PDT In Bukit Merah, the radiation comes from Thorium and Uranium which are our own and has been in Malaysia for billions of years. Although the radiation level is well over 37 times that of the Lynas waste, there is no definite well controlled scientific proof that the cases of leukaemia and birth defects are caused by radiation from the waste. COMPARISON OF RADIOACTIVITY IN Bq (Specific activity.. number of atoms decaying in 1second) Pure Thorium-232 = 4,080 Bq/gm Pure Potassium-40 = 254,000 Bq/gm Naturally Occurring Potassium (3 different isotopes) in our body and food = 31.825 Bq/gm Artificially created Plutonium-238 = 634,000,000,000 Bq/gm (1/2 life=87.7 years) Monazite ore from Amang or Tin Tailings in Malaysia = 284 Bq/gm Lynas Rare Earth Waste = 6 Bq/gm Public dose limits for exposure from uranium mining or nuclear plants are usually set at 1 mSv per year above background. According to the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurement (NCRP) and its international counterpart, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). Both of these organizations offer recommendations for the maximum permissible dose (MPD) of radiation. General Public annual MPD by both NCRP and ICRP is 1 mSv. For Radiation Workers, the annual MPD is 50 mSv (NCRP) and 20 mSv (ICRP), with a cumulative MPD of 10 mSv x Age. MPD during pregnancy is 5 mSv (NCRP) and 2 mSv (ICRP). However, experts including Professor Wade Allison of Oxford University argue that the dose limit can safely be raised to 100 millisieverts, based on current health statistics. Compare this with the dose of 0.002 millisieverts/year of exposure for people living within 1 km of the Lynas plant in the worst case scenario (estimated by Lynas). I have seen lots of cases of leukaemia and other types of cancer as well as birth defects over the last 40 years or so and unfortunately we do not have Lynas around at that time to use as a scapegoat. Unscrupulous people have been using videos and pictures of patients with congenital abnormalities and other illnesses to instil fear into the population. There is absolutely no scientific proof that these cases are caused by radiation. Only people with ulterior motives would use pictures and videos of these unfortunate patients whose disorders have nothing to do with radiation to score political points! In the south of the state of Kerala in India the soil contains as much as 4,000 ppm (parts of Thorium per million). Studies have shown that there is little or no accumulation of Thorium-232 in the inhabitants. The Lynas waste contains only 1,650 ppm. It has been estimated that in the worst case scenario, the radiation risk within a 1 km radius from the Lynas plant is only 0.002 mSv/yr. In Ramsar, Iran, the naturally occurring radiation is extremely high at 260 mSv/yr. This is 13,000,000% higher than the expected worse case scenario in Kuantan. And the people in Ramsar, Iran has been found to be healthier and live longer than the rest of the Iranians! There is also no increase in the number of cancer cases. Remember the Tin slag from the Eastern Smelting and Straits Trading in Penang ? These, which contain the tantalum and monazite ore, and the monazite ore can be more than 3,700 % more radioactive than the Lynas waste. And these radioactive tin slag were used to fill up the old Penang Stadium and the roads in Penang. A lot of these has already been stolen and sold off at a huge profit, but a lot still remains in the roads in Butterworth and Penang island. The people in Penang have not developed Cancer so far as a result of these slag! The anti-Lynas people who are so paranoid about imported radiation from Australia should have a look at this paper published in the Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences which showed that the level of radiation in areas where tin was mined. The waste or amang contains high levels of Monazite and other minerals which are highly radioactive. All these old tin mine areas are well populated. Note even Kuala Lumpur is also an ex-tin mining area. A study was done University Technology MARA in Kg Gajah in Perak : Quote: " The level of surface dose varies from one location to another, but there is a critical area which has a significantly high surface dose approaching 30 microSv/hr " Unquote 30 microSv/hr is about 260 mSv/year or about the same level as the highest recorded area in Ramsar!. Even ordinary Sand (crystalline silica, SiO2) is classified as a group 1 Carcinogen (a confirmed cancer causing agent), but as you know, we do not expect a huge number of people in living in the deserts or along the seashores to die from silica induced lung cancer. The lung cancer risk occurs only when fine sand (silica) is inhaled by miners for a prolonged period in the quarries and mines i.e. silica is not a carcinogen when ingested and of course not when injected for nobody would allow you to inject sand into their veins. Thorium-232 is a very weakly radioactive substance and produces only alpha particles which cannot even penetrate a thin piece of paper. All you have to do is to wrap it up in a piece of newspaper and it is for all intents and purposes, non-radioactive ! " Thorium-232 is considered to be a carcinogen only IF ADMINISTERED INTRAVENOUSLY AS A COLLOIDAL DISPERSION OF THORIUM-232 DIOXIDE." It is not considered to be a cancer causing substance if taken orally or inhaled according to the International Agency for Research on Cancer IARC, just like silica (sand) which is not carcinogenic if ingested. |
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